Karl Polanyi's Life and Documents

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Key : “Name” or „Name”: article; Name: book; (Name): draft article; (Name): draft book; <Name>: Plan; To/From: letter

European Period (1886-1947)

Hungarian Period (1886-1919)

1886-1906

  • 1904: Karl Polanyi graduates from Grammar School. October 3rd: he enters the Law School of the University of Budapest. He enrols in courses in Roman Law, History of Hungarian and International Law and Ethics; he attends the lectures of Henrik Marcali on early Hungarian History. He also takes part od a Socialist Students groups founded in 1902 by his elder brother, Adolf, and his cousin Odon Por.[1] He applies to change his name; application accepted
  • 1905: P. enters the faculty of law and political science. In his second year he enrols in courses in Statistics, National Economics and Modern History, and he attends the lectures of Gyula Pikler on the Philosophy of Law.
  • 1906: Karl Polanyi's father death. In the first semester of his third year he studies Church Law, Politics and Civil Law.

1907

Polanyi's Life Date Document
Budapest. He spends the second semester at the Vienna Law School xx.01. “A Történelmi materializmus Drámája” [The drama of historical materialism]

1908

Polanyi's Life Date Document
He begins his seminar in psychology and philosophy, where Ernst Mach's Analyse der Empfindungen was discussed. 01.01-17.08.
18.08. To György Lukács
The Galilei Circle is organized and P. is elected president. 22.11.
09.12. To György Lukács

1909

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.02 “A tudomány mödszere” [The Scientific Method]
He obtains the doctorate[2] at the Univerity of Kolozsvár. 26.06.
Late this year “he suffer[s] a series of illnesses.”[3] ? “Kultura – ákultura” [Culture - Pseudo-culture]
? Elnöki beszéde a Galilei Kör 1908-1909.évi tevékenységéről a Galilei Kör 1909. május 28-án tartott záróközgyűlésén

1910

Polanyi's Life Date Document
He lets the direction of Galilei Circle. “Preface to Ernst Mach’s The Analysis of Sensations”
“Az orthodoxia fontosságáról” [The Importance of Orthodoxy]

1911

Polanyi's Life Date Document
Polanyi's appointment as chief editor of Szabadgondolat "coincided with his initiation into the Archimede's Masonic Lodge, established in 1911."[4] xx.03. “Szemle” [Survey]
xx.04. “A szabadoktatásért” [Free Education]
xx.05. “Hit és hiszékenység” [Credo and Credulity]
xx.06. “A destruktiv irányról” [On the Destructive Turn]

1912

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.02. “A Magyar irodalom válsága” [The Crisis of Hungarian Literature]
He takes his law finals.
He leads a seminar on the historical philosophy of Hegel, Marx and Pikler.[5] xx.08.

1913

Polanyi's Life Date Document
Az egyház a természeti… [The church is natural]
xx.01. Az ó-testamentomi… [The Old Testament]
xx.03. Az egyházi uradalmak… [Religious traditions]
xx.04. “Beszéd a meggyözödésröl” [Speech on the Meaning of Conviction]
He speaks at the Martinovics commemoration day organized by the Society of Free Thinkers in Hungary. 13.05.
xx.05. “Tanulság” [A Lesson learned]
xx.07. “Az esküdtszéki reform” [Reform of Jury]
xx.07. “Történelemtanitás a láthatáron” [(History) on the Horizon]
xx.07. “Az angol példa” [The English Response]
xx.08. “Kétségeim (1)” [My Doubts]
xx.08. “A Regnum Marianum cserkészei” [A Regnum Marianum Scouts]
xx.09. “Kétségeim (2)” [My Doubts]
xx.10. “Kétségeim (3)” [My Doubts]
“Kétségeim (4)” [My Doubts]
He gives a forceful speech at the

Music Hall against the planned press laws.

02.11.
xx.11. “Radikális polgári politika” [Radical Bourgeois Politics]
xx.12. “A strohmann”
He joins the Archimedes free masonic lodge. 05.12.

1914

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.01. “Könyvek” [Books]
07.02. To Michael, 7 February 1914
He lectures in the Archimedes lodge on the relationship of science to morals, for the first time.[6] 13.02.
He lectures in the Archimedes lodge on the relationship of science to morals, second time.[7] 20.02.
He lectures in the Comenius lodge on the free thinkers’ movement.[8] 27.02.
He gives a series of lectures on relationship between freemasonry and the free thinkers’ movement. (March and April) xx.03. “A magyar hegemonia és a nemzetiségek” [The Hungarian Hegemony and Nationalities]”
20.03. To György Lukács
He participates in the work of the organizing committee of the National Radical Bourgeois Party. (May) xx.05. “Polgári radikálisok, szocialisták és törtenelmi ellenzé” [Bourgeois Radical, Socialists and the established Opposition]
Birth of the Bourgeois-Radical Party. Polanyi is secretary. 06.06.
He gives conferences for the (N)BRP To Michael
Letter to unknown addressee
Beginning of WWI for Austria-Hungary in the Serbian Front 28.07.

1915-1917

  • 1915: early in this year, Polanyi is lieutenant in the Galician Front. He reads the Bible (and convert intimately to Christianism), and Shakespeare's Hamlet.[9]
  • 1917: end of the year, P. he brought back in Budapest as war invalid.[10] The Galilei Circle is now officially declared illegal.[11]

1918

World Events Polanyi's Life Date P.'s Document
WWI: treaty of Brest-Litovsk and end of the Eastern Front 03.03.
xx.04. “A mai nemzedék hitvatása” [The Calling of a Generation]
“The second phase of his [political activities] beg[ins] in the Summer 1918.”[12] xx.08. “A világbéke Dummer August-jai” [The Clowns of World Peace]
xx.10. “Pártjaink és a béke” [Our Parties and the Peace]
Aster Revolution in Hungary 28-31.10.
Armistice of Villa Giusti between Austria-Hungary and Italy “Still from the hospital, P. s[eeks] to contact 'New Galileists' through his friend Tölgy. He would have liked to meet them. The answer is a rebuff.”[13] 03.11.
xx.11. “Radikális párt és Polgári párt” [Radical Party and Bourgeois Party]
Károlyi proclaims the Hungarian Democratic Republic 16.11.
01.12. “A Radikalizmus Programmja és Célja” [The Programme and Goals of Radicalism]
xx.12. “A szocializmus próbája” [The Test of Socialism]

1919 (until June)

Polanyi's Life Date Document
“P. probably converts in 1919, a year that witnessed a “mass movement” of conversions of Budapest Jews to Christianity, particularly of the upper classes, and which included in its number Michael Polanyi and his friend Leo Szilard.”[14] 02.01. “Katasztrófa - politika“
“Szózat a Galilei Kör ifjúgához” [Oration to the Youth of the Galilei Circle]
xx.01. “Fizikai és szellemi munka” [Manual and intellectual Labour]
xx.02. “Internacionálé” [International]
xx.02. “A tudomány autonomiája és az egyetem autonomiája” [The Autonomy of Science and the Autonomy of the University]
01.03. “Jo gés erőszak” [Law and Violence]
01.03. “Polgárháború” [Civil War]
The liberal-democratic Károlyi government is replaced by a new Soviet-influenced regime headed by Béla Kun. 21.03.
“In June 1919, he [is] taken to Vienna to undergo a grave operation from which he recover[s], in some measure, after many months.”[15] xx.06.

Austrian Period (1919-1933)

1919 (since June)

Polanyi's Life Date Document
“Through the summer of 1919, Polanyi convalesced in Eugenie Schwarzwald’s rest home at Hinterbrühl [Helmstreitmühle] at Hinterbrühl, a suburb of Vienna. Schwarzwald must have seemed to him an Austrian pendant to his own mother. A pedagogue, social reformer, and feminist, she put her villa at the disposal of Hungarian left wing refugees, and ran a salon (…) at which regular guests included Polanyi’s future political antagonist, the arch-conservative sociologist Othmar Spann, as well as several future acquaintances, such as the legal theorist Hans Kelsen and the philosopher of science Karl Popper.”[16] xx.{07-08}. (Worauf es heute ankommt. Eine Erwiderung)
(Unsere Ablehnung der wissenschaftlichen Politik…)[17]
(Unser kleine Schrift…)

1920

Polanyi's Life Date Document
“He [is] gaining confidence that his manuscript [Gegen die wissenschaftliche Politik] would shortly be publishable.” “He [is] able to spend some months convalescing in the Alpine resort of Semmering and in Reichenau, and his quarters in Vienna [are], at least, “very comfortable.”[18] 19.01. To Michael
(Wissenschaftliche Politik und neue Skepsis)[19]
(Wissenschaft und Sittlichkeit)
(Die Wissenschaft von der Zukunft)
(Der Glauben an die Wahrheiten der Wissenschaftslehre von der Soziologie)
(Korai kereszténység és a kommunizmus Rerefémpéj és Kommüni” / “Ó Rerefémpej és Kommunizurplus)
17.03. To Michael
20.05. To Michael
02.07. To Michael
“P. [is] thrity-three years old, wasted from his long illness and very lonely. His outlook [is] deeply influenced by Tolstoi. He [is] like one who looks back on life, not forward it.”[20] He meets Ilona Duczynska. Late Autumn (Über das Wesen der Ost-Europäischen Wirtschaftskrise)
(Marxismus und geistige Arbeit)
08.11. To Cecil

1921

Polanyi's Life Date Document
O. Jászi hires P. as personal secretary and soon promotes him to the the editorial offices of the Hungarian émigré paper Bécsi Magyar Ujság.[21] “Hivö és hitetlen politika”[22]
12.08. “Az új orosz politika esélyei”
xx.09. To Michael
18.09. “Forradalom és ideológia. Jegyzetek Szabó Ervin hátrahagyott müvéhez”
26.10. To Michael

1922

Polanyi's Life Date Document
16.04. “A szocialista Nagybritánnia alkotmánya”
__.05. “Sozialistische Rechnungslegung”
18.06. “A gildszocializmus”
xx.07. „Der Geistgeschichtliche Hintergrund des Moskauer Prozesses“
02.07. “A szociálforradalmárok pörének történelmi háttere“
25.07. “H.G. Wells, a szocialista“
17.09. “Karl Kautsky és a demokrácia“
23.09. “Titáni publicisztika“
26.09. “A török renaissance“
29.09. “Az elnéptelenedő Franciaország és a gyarapodó Németország“
10.10. “Új idöszámitás“
16.10. “A demokrácia feltámadása”
24.10. “Lloyd George”
02.11. “Szabadkereskedelmet!”
16.11. “Anglia választ”
06.12. “A „Consul“”
20.12. “Szabotálnak…”
15.12. “Polly bácsi…”
“Az angol választások”
“Választások mindenfelé”
“A német szén Odysszeája”
„Kokszot szénért!“
„Uj Machiavelli, Kipps and Tono-Bungay“

1923

Polanyi's Life Date Document
18.01. „Marne-csata a Ruhr-mentén“ [The Battle of Marne along the Ruhr]
29.03. “Gild és állam“ [Guild and State]
05.04. “Jézus feltámadása“ [The Resurrection of Jesus]
11.05. “Van-e elég kenyere Európanak?“ [Does Europe have enough Bread?]
21.06. “A berlini fajvédők“ [The Defenders of Race of Berlin]
07.07. “A félelem ellen“ [Against Fear]
16.10. “Háború és béke kérdése Genfben“ [The Question of War and Peace in Geneva]
03.10. “Fehérek, feketék, barnák“ [Whites, Blacks and Browns]
21.10. “H.G. Wells, a civilizáció megmentéséről“ [H.G. Wells on salvaging Civilisation]
30.11. “A német iparbárók kivándorlása: világtrösztök felé“ [The Captains of German Industry: towards global Trusts]
(Zum Begriff Bedürfnisskalen) [On the concept of Scale of Needs]
(Das Übersichtproblem)[23]
(Das Übersichtsproblem, ein Hauptproblem des Sozialismus)

1924

Polanyi's Life Date Document
26.02. To Ludwig von Mises
xx.06. „Die funktionelle Theorie der Gesellschaft und das Problem der sozialistischen Rechnungslegung“ [The Functional Theory of Society and the Problem of Socialist Accounting]
xx.11. „England und die Wahlen“ [England and the Elections]
“Pure Economic Theory”

1925

Polanyi's Life Date Document
__.01. „Neue Erwägungen zu unserer Theorie und Praxis“ []
xx.04. „Zur Krise der englischen Arbeiterbewegung“ []
08.06. “Von der Parteienwahl zur reinen Vertreterwahl” []
xx.07. „Die deutsche Antwort“ []
xx.08. „Der Bergauproblem in England“ []
12.09. „Die neue Internationale“ []
xx.10. „Der Friede von Locarno“ []
24.12. Letter to Richard Wank
(A társadalomtudomány) [The Social Sciences]

1926

Polanyi's Life Date Document
13.02. „Die Wirkungen der englischen Kohlensubventionen“ [The Effects of the British Coal Subsidies]
xx.03. „Der Rückfall“ [The Relapse]
xx.{03-04}. „Die Bericht der Kohlen-Kommission“ [The report of the Coal Commission]
xx.05. „Der englische Generalstreik“ [The English General Strike]
xx.05. „Probleme des englischen Generalstreiks“ [Problem of the English General Strike]
18.12. „Ein Vorschlag zur Wahlreform“ [A proposal for the electoral reform]
(Wer ist die Linke?) [Who are the Leftist?]
Review of HERTZ Friedrich, Feindschaft zwischen Kultur und Zivilisation
“Folyóiratok szemléje” [Periodical Observation]

1927

Polanyi's Life Date Document
15.01. „Nochmals 'Ein Vorschlag zur Wahlreform'“ [A proposal for the electoral reform, one more time]
12.02. Aus der Woche
xx.06. „Die neue Weltlage“
((Auszug aus einem Referat) Zur Sozialisierungsfrage) [(Excerpt from a Paper) on the Question of Socialization]
(Ist Sozialismus ein Weltanschauung?)[24] [Is Socialism a Worldview?]

1928

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.01. Review of L'annuaire de la Société des Nations 1928
xx.02. „Liberale Wirtschaftsreformen in England“ [Liberal Reforms in England]
25.02. „Liberale Sozialreformer in England“ [Liberal Social Reforms in England]
xx.03. „Italien und Europa“ [Italy and Europe]
xx.06. „Schmalenbach und Liberalismus“ [Schmalenbach and Liberalism]
xx.{05-06}. „Soziale Fragen der Rationalisierung“ [The Social Question of Rationalisation]
xx.09. „Kelloggpakt“ [The Kellog Pact]
(Hans Mayer’s Lösung des Zurechnungsproblems) (w/ Felix Schafer) [Hans Mayer's Solution to the Problem of Computation]
“Munkanélküliség a szellemi pátyák köréhen” []
“Karl Kraus”
“Az Új Középeurópa” [The New Central Europe]
Review of JORDAN Károly, Matematikai Statisztika
(…das Wesen der Kaufkraftwirtschaftlichen Betrachtungsweise…) […the Essence of Purchasing Power Point of View]

1929

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.xx Review of Political Book of 1929
xx.xx Review of Georg Hahn, Die Konkurrenz
xx.06. “A Galilei Kör mérlege” [The Galilei Circle: a balance sheet]
xx.06. „Labours Sieg“ [The victory of Labour]
xx.06. Review of George Paish, World Economic Suicide
xx.08. „Englisch-amerikanische Flottenparität“ [Anglo-american fleet parity]
xx.09. „MacDonald in Washington“
xx.09. Review of Völkerbunde und Press

1930

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.01. „Pax anglo-americana“
xx.09. „Weltpolitische Unbehagen“ [World Political Discomfort]
„Zur wirtschaftlichen Neuordnung Europas“ [On the economic reorganization of Europe]

1931

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.03. „Bewegung in Europa“ [Movement in Europe]
xx.09. „Demokratie und Währung in England“ [Democracy and currency in England]
xx.10. „Lavals sonderbare Reise“ [Laval's strange journey]
xx.11. „MacDonald und die Wirtschaftspolitik“ [MacDonald and the economic policy]
„Neue Schutzzollwelle“ []
xx.12. „England auf der Waage“ [England on the scales]
xx.xx “Austria and Free Trade”
„Einführung in die Volkswirtschaft“ [Introduction to the economy]

1932

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.01. „Einer Reparationslösung entgegen“ [Towards a reparation solution]
xx.06. „Gleichberechtigung und Völkerbund“ [Equality and the League of Nations]
xx.07. „Kritik an Lausanne“ [Criticism of Lausanne]
xx.10. „Gleichberechtigung und die deutsche Linke“ [Equality and the German Left]
xx.12. „Die verschobene Weltwirtschaftskonferenz“ [The postponed World Economic Conference]
xx.12. „Wirtschaft und Demokratie“ [Economy and Democracy]

1933

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.01. „Die geistigen Voraussetzungen des Faschismus“ [The spiritual Prerequisites of Fascism]
1933 „Die Wirtschaft ist für den Faschismus“ [The Economy is for Fascism]
11.02. „Gegenrevolution“ [Counter-Revolution]
xx.02. „Zweiter Fünfjahresplan abgebremst“ [Second five-year plan braked]
„London: Englands außenpolitische Krise“ [London: Britain's Foreign Policy Crisis]
„Das Ausmaß der Wirtschaftskrise“ [The Extent of the Economic Crisis]
xx.04. „Kann Amerika den Weltfrieden retten?“ [Can America save World Peace?]
15.04. „Weltinflationismus“ [World Inflationism]
xx.05. „Von Lausanne bis Washington“ [From Lausanne to Washington]
xx.05. „Abrüstung und Revision“ [Disarmament and Revision]
xx.06. „Viererpakt statt Abrüstung“ [Four Pact Instead of Disarmament]
24.06. „Staatsgründung“ [State Founding]
xx.07. „Brain-Trust siegt“ [Brain-Trust wins]
xx.07. „Roosevelt zerschlägt die Konferenz“ [Roosevelt smashes the conference]
29.07. „Hitler und Wirtschaft“ [Hitler and the Economy]
xx.09. „Austria and Germany“
xx.10. „Der 14 Oktober“
xx.11. „Der Mechanismus der Weltwirtschaftskrise“ [The Mechanism of the Global Economic Crisis]
xx.11. „Ein Gefährlicher Aufbauplan“ [A Dangerous Construction Plan]
xx.12. „Eine Welt im Wanken“ [A World in Wavering]
„Faschismus“ [Fascism]

English Period (1933-1941; 1943-1947)

1934

Polanyi's Life Date Document
“What three-fold state”
xx.03. „Agrarische Zwangswirtschaft in England” []
xx.03. „Wirtschaftsprogramm der Samuel-Liberalen” [Economic Program of the Samuel Liberals]
xx.03. „Ende der Slums” [End of the Slums]
xx.04. „England und die Abrüstung” [England and Disarmament]
xx.04. „Englisches Stahlstatut” [English Steel Act]
xx.04. „England für Budgetwharheit” [England for Budget Truth]
„Technologische Arbeitslosigkeit” [Technological Unemployment]
xx.05. „Elliot oder Empire?” [Elliot or Empire?]
xx.05. „Probleme der Demokratie in England” [Problems of Democracy in England]
xx.05. „Lohntarif-Bill in Lancashire”
xx.05. “Corporative Austria - A Functional Society?”
xx.05. “Othmar Spann, the philosopher of fascism”
xx.06. „Lancashire im Fegefeuer” [Lancashire in Purgatory]
xx.06. „Lancashire als Menschheitsfrage / als Menschheitsproblem” [Lancashire as a Question of Humanity]
xx.06. “Spann’s fascist utopia”
__.06-07. “Fascism and Marxian terminology”
__.06-07. “Marxism re-stated”
xx.08. „England überlegt” []
xx.08. „Labour und die Eisenindustrie” [Labor and the Iron Industry]
xx.09. „Gewerkschaftstagung in Weymouth” [Trade Union Conference in Weymouth]
xx.09. „England bremst Russland ab” [England slows down Russia]
xx.09. „Wo hält Sowjetrussland?” [Where does Soviet Russia hold?]
xx.10. „Labour a Southport”
“Rudolf Steiner’s Economy”
xx.11. „Tory Planwirtschafter” [Tory Economic Plan]
xx.11. „Die Liberalen für Empirehandel” [The Liberals for Empire Trade]
Marxian Philosophy
(A Christian View of Marxism)
(Marxism and Christianity)
“Preliminary Syllabus of a Course of Study in The Theory of Politics”

1935

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.xx Christianity and the Social Revolution (w/ LEWIS John et KITCHIN Donald K. (dir.))
“The Essence of Fascism”
xx.06. „England in Europa”
xx.06. „Roosevelt im Verfassungskampf” [Roosevelt in the constitutional Struggle]
xx.08. „Amerika im Schmelztiegel” [America in the Melting Pot]
xx.08. „England, die Völkerbundmacht” [England, the League of Nations]
xx.08. „Abessinischer Konflikt” [Abyssinian Conflict]
xx.10. „Der Suez-Kanal”
xx.10. „England und der abessinische Krieg” [England and the Abyssinian War]
„London: Englands Wahlen” [London: England's Elections]
„London: Markstein 1935”

1936

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.01. „Roosevelt im Kampf” [Roosevelt in the Fight]
xx.02. „T.V.A. – Ein amerikanisches Wirtschaftsexperiment” [T.V.A. - An American Economic Experiment]
xx.03. „Deutschland und Italien”
xx.04. „Edens Linie” [Eden Line]
xx.05. „Englands außenpolitische Krise” [England's Foreign Policy Crisis]
xx.05. „Englands Abwehr” [England's Defense]
xx.06. „Russischer Verfassungswandel” [Russian Constitutional Change]
xx.08. „Spanien und Frankreich”
xx.08. „Spanische Entscheidungen und die Weltpolitik” [Spanish Decisions and World Politics]
xx.08. “The Nature of the Present World Crisis“
xx.xx “The Religious Nature of the Crisis”
01.12. “Observations on Education for Politics in England and the United States”
(Marx on Corporatism)
(The Paradox of Freedom)

1937

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.02. „Arbeitsrecht in U.S.A.“
xx.03. “Education for politics in England and the United States“
“The Educated Workman - What he is Contributing to Industry?“
xx.04. „Amerikanisches Gewerkschaftsgesetz verfassungsmäßig“
xx.05. „England und die Donau“
xx.06. „Deutsch-englischer Zwischenfall“
xx.07. „Mit englischen Augen gesehen“
xx.07. „Roosevelts strategischer Rückzug“
xx.08. „Chamberlains Brief“
xx.08. „Viererpakttendenzen“
xx.08. „Gewerkschaften in den U.S.A.“
xx.08. „London: Die Japanische Faust“
xx.08. „Chinesisch-japanischer Krieg“
31.08. “Community and society. The Christian criticism of our social order“
xx.09. (Education for Citizenship - in England and the U.S.A.)
xx.09. „Englisch-japanischer Zwischenfall“
„Mittelmeer-Konferenz“
09.10. Aus der Woche
16.10. Aus der Woche
23.10. Aus der Woche
30.10. Aus der Woche
06.11. Aus der Woche
20.11. Aus der Woche
04.12. Aus der Woche
04.12. Aus der Woche
25.12. „London: Englische Haltung“
(Conflicting philosophies in Europe)
(Christianity and economic life)
(Bemerkungen (Christianity and economic life))
“Europe to-day”

1938

Polanyi's Life Date Document
15.01. Aus der Woche
19.02. Aus der Woche
26.02. Aus der Woche
05.03. Aus der Woche

1939

Polanyi's Life Date Document
(The Fascist Virus)
(Fascism and Socialism)
(How to Make use of the Social Sciences)

1940s

Polanyi's Life Date Document
“Shaw the poet”
(Democracy vs. Total crisis)
(The Methodological Problems Connected with the Question of Capitalism in Antiquity)
(Western Socialism: A Tract on Values and Power)
(Economic History)
(Can peaceful civilizations be virile)
(The Roots of Pacifism)
(The Meaning of Peace)
(Britain’s Foreign Policy)
(Britain and Poland)
(European Minority Issues, Solved and Unsolved)
(What Is the Real Character of the Economic Crisis?)
(The Eclipse of Panic and the Outlook for Socialism)
(Individualism and Socialism)
(Politics, Psychology and Ethics)
(Psychology and Ideology: actual and assumed motives)
(Maturity and the Common Man)
(Rational and irrational factors in Politics)
(The Structure of Political Science)
(Ignoring the obvious)
(England Torn between Europe and the Pacific)
(Experiences in Vienna and America)
(A moszkvai konferencia után) [After the Moscow Conference]

Bennington Interlude (Writing of The Great Transformation: 1941-1943)

Polanyi's Life Date Document
23.04.1941 Can Hitlerism solve the World Problem?
04.08.1941 The Essence of Fascism (1941)
22.08.1941 To Michael
(Government and Industry)
xx.03.1943 “Why make Russia amok?”
Lecture tour in American Universities; he finishes the writing of The Great Transformation.[25] Summer 1943

1943 (Autumn)

Polanyi's Life Date Document
Back to London P. and I. Duczynska meet Count Károlyi[26] Autumn

1944

Polanyi's Life Date Document
Polanyi spouses become members of the Hungarian Council. P. main role seems to promote cooperation between Károlyi and Communists. (Towards a New October Revolution in Hungary)
(The Meaning of Parliamentary Democracy)
The Great Transformation (= Origins of our Time)
(The Sudy of Human Institutions (Economic and Social))

1945

Polanyi's Life Date Document
xx.01. “Universal Capitalism or Regional Planning?”
(The Sudy of Human Institutions (Economic and Social))
21.07. “Yogi and Commissar”
21.09. What Kind of Adult Education
Rise and Decline of the Profit Motive

1946

Polanyi's Life Date Document
“A Crossman ellenzék felvonulása” [The Emergence of Crossman Opposition]
“Count Michael Károlyi”
17.09. “Világkapitalizmus vagy regionális tervgazdaságok” [World Capitalism or Regional Planners]
xx.11. “Adult Education and the Working Class Outlook”

North American Period (1947-1964)

(17 years)

Columbia Project #190 (The Origins of Economic Institutions, 1947-1953)

1947

Polanyi's Life Date Document
“Our obsolete mentality”
“Marxist economic thought”
“On belief on economic determinism”
General Economy History
(Memorandum on Industry)
(In the Hands of the Vanquished)
Supplementary Statements

1948

Polanyi's Life Date Document
< Plan and Market in Ancient Society >

1949

Polanyi's Life Date Document
Semi-annual sabbatic in London, he takes lesson of WEA and goes to British Museum[27]. (Economic History and the Problem of Freedom)
< Redistribution and Exchange >
< Armies and Markets in Ancient Greece: Booty Sale and Provisioning >

1950

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
(Economics and Freedom to Shape Our Social Destiny)
(Plans for work in Russia)
(The Contribution of Institutional Analysis to the Social Sciences)
(Primitive feudalism and the feudalism decay)
27.10. To Oszkár Jászi
31.12. < The Livelihood of Man >

1951

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
Name Src Nature
“Meeting Your Junior Self” 36/03 Speech
“Child Psychology” 36/03 Speech
“Public Opinion and Statemanship” 36/04 Speech

1953

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
Jean-Jacques Rousseau, or Is a free society?
(Die zwei Bedeutungen von ‘wirtschaftlich’)
< Semantics of General Economic History >

Council for Research in the Social Sciences (1954-1958)

1954

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
24.02. < Outline for a revision of The Great transformation (1954) >
(Greece)

1955

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
“Freedom and Technology

1956

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
(Leplezett küluralom és szocialista közgazdaság) [Concealed Foreign Rule and Socialist Economics]

1957

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
Trade and Market in the Early Empires. Economies in History and Theory (w/ ARENSBERG Conrad & PEARSON Harry (eds.)
“Marketless Trading in Hammurabi’s Time“ [T&M II]
“Aristotle Discovers the Economy“ [T&M V]
“The Place of Economies in Societies“ [T&M XII]
“The Economy as Instituted Process“ [T&M XIII]
“The Semantics of Money-Uses“
24.04. “The Machine and the Discovery of the Society“
24.04. (Freedom in a complex society)
(A Hungarian Lesson)
To Felix Schafer

1958

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
(For a New West)
(Egy ‘antimarxista’ naplójából) [From the Diary of an Antimarxist]
(A Galilei Kör ötven év távlatából) [The Galilei Circle fifty Years on]
(Carl Menger’s two meanings of ‘economic’)

American Economic Sociology (Unproductive) Period (1959-1964)

1959

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
13.03. (Aristotle on an affluent society)
(Ötven év) [Fifty Years]
13.08. (An Institutional Approach to Early Non-Market Economies)
(Research into the substantive economy)
(Early Economies)

1960

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
(The Role of Strain in Institutional Change)
(The Good Life in an Industrial Society)
(Market Elements and Economic Planning in Antiquity)
(Local Food Markets and Market Trade in the Old World)
“On the Comparative Treatment of Economic Institutions in Antiquity with Illustrations from Athens, Mycenae, and Alakah“
(Széljegyzetek a szocialista világfordulóhoz) [Announcements for the Socialist World Revolution]
“A Galilei Kör hagyatéka“ [The legacy of the Galilean Circle]

1961

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
07.02. < Outline for a revision of The Great transformation (1961) >
xx.05. (The Hungarian Populists)
23.09. (Notes on the Draft Program of the CPSU)

1962

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
xx.03. “R. F. G. Sweet Review article“
“Il pensiero sovietica in transizione“
02.12. “Biographical notes” to Kari Polanyi-Levitt

1963

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
__.01-02. (Functions of Money in the Western Slave Trade)
xx.01 To Kari Polanyi-Levitt
xx.03. (Ports of Trade in Early Societies)
13.05. (Bücher, Karl (1847-1931))
“Reflection on the article titled “Text of Pope John’s Encyclical ‘Pacem in Terris’, Calling for a World Community“
09.10. Gazdágszociológia az egyesült államokban [Economics Sociology in the United States]
xx.12. “Hazánk Kötelessege“ [Our Homeland's Duty]
xx.xx (Psychology and Ideology in Institutional Change - Actual and Postulated Motives)

1964

Polanyi's Life Date Documents
“Sortings and ‘Ounce Trade’ in the West African Slave Trade“

Posthumous

Year Name Src Nature
1966 Dahomey and the Slave Trade 42/01-4 Book
1968 “Anthropologic and Economic Theory”, in FRIED M.H. (ed.) Readings in Anthropology, New York, American Anthropological Association, p. 16-24. 42/01-4 Article
1977 The Livelihood of Man 36/01-2 Book

Notes

  1. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12 46.
  2. ↑ Equivalent of an English university Master's
  3. ↑ Dale 2016a, 32.
  4. ↑ Múcsi 1990, 29. “This particular lodge had as its mandate reorganization of the Hungarian Association of Free Thinkers with the participation of nine 'masters' who had left the Comenius lodge. The founders of the group hoped to recruit students from the Galilei Circle, and to publish a journal for its members. Szabadgondolat thus came into being, and both the lodge and the journal strengthened by Polanyi's active participation.” [Ibid.]
  5. ↑ Gyurgyák 1986, 182
  6. ↑ Gyurgyák 1986, 182.
  7. ↑ Gyurgyák 1986, 182.
  8. ↑ Gyurgyák 1986, 182.
  9. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 48
  10. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 48
  11. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 48
  12. ↑ Litván 1990, 31-32
  13. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 49.
  14. ↑ Dale 2016, 7.
  15. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 49.
  16. ↑ Dale 2016, 63; See also Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 50.
  17. ↑ Arbitrary date in the year.
  18. ↑ Dale 2016, 64.
  19. ↑ As for the 1919 drafts, the date is arbitrary during the year.
  20. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 50.
  21. ↑ Dale 2016, 65; See also Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 51. The BMU, “funded, to his discomfiture, by the Czech liberal leader Eduard Beneš, was the foremost publishing organ of Hungarian exiles and emigrés. Its ambit was global, but its most important achievement was to provide regular reports on what it termed “Magyar fascism” [Dale 2016, 65]
  22. ↑ Gareth Dale and Adam Fabry are followed here ([Polanyi 2016, 99]), and not the Archive on line that dates this text in ”1928”
  23. ↑ The date is almost arbitrary, but I believe it's after „Sozialistische Rechnungslegung”
  24. ↑ „Über die Freiheit“ in POLANYI 2005
  25. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 29/12, 53.
  26. ↑ Duczynska 1970, KPA 59/02, 53.
  27. ↑ [Dale 2016, 204]
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